Internal-combustion engine.



G. E. \DURYEA. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED 001 .2,1905.

Patented Feb. 16, 1909.

W1] WESQSZS To all whom it may concern:

nnrrn s'rirrns rA'rENT ()FFICE.

CHARLES E. DURYEA, or READING, PENNWSYLVANIA, Assieuon TO E, n. BOND,-

or WASHINGTON, nisrnroror COLUMBIA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb.'1'6, 1909.

Application filed October 2, 1905. Serial No. 280,974.

Be it known that 1, CHARLES E. DURYEA, citizen of the United States, residing at Reading, in the county of Berks and State of.

Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and-useful Improvements in Internal-Com bustion Engines, and do hereby declare the following to be "a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines, particularly to the class used for auto or aeronautic work, wherein a high efficiency .is' needed, coupled with light weight,'.few parts and cheap construction.

To secure a high eificiency in a heatengine,

it is necessary to avoid needless loss of heatand therefore I have designed an en ine,

Which I preferably operate without the use of oil as a lubricant, capable of'operation at extremely high temperatures.

- The object of my invention is to rovide suflicient cooling of the cylinder wa ls in a novel 'manner," as will appear hereafter. I

' accomplish this result by .the mechanism shown in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a section through the axis of the cylinder parallel to the plane of the fly wheel. Fig. 2 shows one of the copper radiating staples. Fig. 3 is a detail section of cylinder wall showing single anddouble prong staples.

Fig; 4 showsa modified form of the staples. Fig.- 5 is a detail, showing the attachment of one end of the bindingwire, and Fig. 6 is a view showing the attachmentof the other end thereof.

Similar letters refer: to similar parts throughout the several views. The usual internal combustion engine is water jacketed to carry off theexcess heat. By'so doing the parts remain cool enough not to ignite the new charge prematurely and the iston remains cool enough to properly be inricated'by oils of low fire test andno parts deteriorate because of excessive heat. In

gines are fitted with flanges or pinsor similar devices calculated to convey," the heat from the cylinder wall outward and permit it to be carried away by a current of air, caused exhaust fan or blower. These devices are fairly eflicient but with them, as with .the water cooling device, there exists the necessityfor keepingeverythingso cool'that the oil is not destroyed nor any parts permitted to become hot enough for remature ignition.

tached to the cylinder in amore far less unsatisfactory and costly manner.

Most engine cyl'nders arecast iron, which has a-low heat conductivity or else are of some form of steel equally low in conductivity. If radiating devices are attached, there is difficulty, to make them remain tightly in place if of a different metal than the cylinder wall because of the constant expansion and contraction which soon causes metal of high heat conductivity like copper tov become loose. Further, if the flan es are "a part of the cylinder, they must be eavy in order to be readily formed,-and being frequently irthe cylinder walls with consequent leakage of gases past the iston. I'overcome these objections by mac'iining the cylinder inside and out, thus securing cylinder walls having free from possible chills or blow holes, such all over. I-machine theo'uter surface of the cylinder 0 into grooves, preferably spiral.

wise shaped. I provide strips of copper, bent into such shape ,as will fitthese grooves with one'or both ends projecting more or less directly outward in radial lines to the cylinder and I hold these copper strips or staples a which may be either J or U sha ed, in place by winding a steel wire I) into t e bent portion, thus binding them down into the groovess (Seed Figs. 1 and 3). This wire I) ,6, d in the latter view being clamping screws being engaged in a hole in the cylinder. '.Th1s,,however,' 1s but one way of fastening the ends of the wire and if put in place under either by the motion of the -vehicle or by an Further, manyof these evices must beatregular, they warp irregularly and distortv concentric surfaces of equal thickness an I as frequently exist in castings not machined These grooves are preferably semicircular in cross section, although they may be otheris fastened at each end as seen in Figs. 5 and for holding one end of the wire, the other end 'wire 'to become somewhat U-shaped as shown in Fig. 3. If the wire is calked sufliciently, it is notsoimportant that it be fastoned-at the ends although fastening at the ends is the proper and sure method. These radiating strips bein made of copper, alumi num or even silver, ave high heat conductivity and carry the heat out from the walls very rapidly, so that a large amount of heat can be carried away by the air, on which account less air than usual is able to perform the'necessary service.

The radiating staples may be spaced Wider apart on the cooler portions of the cylinder by varying the pitch of the grooves in which they are placed but this is not so' convenient as to space wider apart along the grooves in a self evident manner. While I prefer the staples separate, because they may be made cheaply, and spaced to suit, I can cut them out of sheet stock in such a manner that they are joined together at the curved portion a or at least, in such a manner that they may be handled as a strip, although after applying, they will give the desired projecting points as do the separate sta les. Fig. 4 shows such a construction 0 sheet-stock sta les.

claim,

1. In combination with the cylinder of an internal combustion engine,.liaving its wall grooved, a binding wire of less coefficient of ex ansion than sald cylinder having its ends he d to said cylinder, a, radiating means consisting of strips of metal having points and seated to fit and seated inthe groove in. the cylinder wall and bound in such groove with said points projecting outward, by said bindmg wire.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a

cylinder machined inside and out with its outer surface provided with a spirally dis- 1posed groove, and radiating metallic strips eld in said groove, and a metallic fastening in said groovewith. its ends held to said cylinder for holdin said radiating metallic strip? in place, sai fastening being of less coe cient of. expansion thanthe cylinder.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a,

cylinder inachined inside and out with its outer surface provided with a spirally disposed groove, and radiating metallic strips said-fins and binding them firmly into held in. said roove, and a metallic fastening of less coei'icient of ex ansion than the cylinder seated in said groove for holding said radiating metallic strips in place and means for fastening said fastening means at the ends. I

4. In an internal combustion engine, cylinder of low heat conductivity machined inside. and out with its outer surface provided with a spirally disposed groove, sepae rated radiating metallic strips of high seat conductivity each having a curved portion fitting a groove, with. its point free and projecting outwardly from the cylinder, and a fastening wire engaging the curved parts of said strips and seated in and holding the saine said groove, said fastenin wire having its ends fastened to said cy 'nder, said wire having a co-efiicient of expansion less than'that of the material of the cylinder and held in place.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder of cast iron of low heat conductivity, having its outer surface spirally grooved, sheet metal fins, flexible, light and of high heat conductivity dis osed in said groove, and binding means 0 expansion coefficient less than that of the cylinder engaging the portions of said fins which are disposed in said groove, said fins being disposed on the outer face of the cylinder and held to place .by said binding means, th latter being se cured to said cylinder,

6. 'In an internal combustion engine, a

cylinder of cast iron of low heat conductivity having its outer surface spirally grooved, sheet metal fins, flexible, light and of hi h heat conductivity,- having rounded portions fitting in said groove, binding wire of expansion coeiiicient less than that of the cylinder wound into the bent portions of said grooves, said wire being fastened to said cylinder and being substantially ilrshaped. in cross section'withitsfiat face substare tially flush with. the outerwall of the cylinder.

7. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder of cast iron of low heat conductivity having its outer surface spirally grooved, sheet metal fins, flexible, light and of high heat conductivity, having rounded portions fitting in said groove, a binding wire of ex pansion coefficient less than. that of the cylinder wound into the bent portions of said fins and bindingthem firmly into said grooves, said wire being substantially i3 gether at their curved portions with the In testimony whereof I aflix my signature; curved portions seated 1n sald groove, and a in presence of two wltnesses. fastening wire of less coefficient of expansion than the cylinder secured to the latter CHARLES DURYEA' Sand seated in said groove over the curved Witnesses:

portions of the fins and holding them in 6 E. A. RUTH,

place therein. v B. E. BATES. 

